26 weeks into the pregnancy, the participant was found to have intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). She was born early at 34 weeks weighing 3 pounds and was fed through a G-tube as an infant. As she has grown up, she continues to be very small for her age and gaining … read more

Starting in early childhood, the participant experienced chronic diarrhea with excess fat in his stool (steatorrhea), fragile and sagging skin (cutis laxa), and poor wound healing. At 11 years old, a heart murmur was detected. Later in life, the participant was diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy). … read more

The patient began experiencing muscle weakness and tiredness around 9 years old. He was found to have problems with coordination (ataxia), drooping eyelids (ptosis), and rapid, uncontrolled eye movements (nystagmus). A brain MRI showed moderate atrophy of his cerebellum. His symptoms have progressed quickly and he now requires the use … read more